城市河道治理是保护城市水资源、改善生态环境的基本措施。近年来生物修复技术以其经济、环保、高效持久的优势得以迅速发展。水体中的黑臭现象是由于水体中的有机物厌氧分解造成的，从水质方面分析，发生黑臭是因为水体中COD、BOD等好氧性污染物含量过高，导致水体严重缺氧。发黑主要是吸附了黑色的金属硫化物的悬浮颗粒;发臭则是因为厌氧微生物对水体中有机污染物转化过程中产生大量硫化氢、硫醇、氨和胺等气态污染物。受污染的水体溶解氧浓度降低，导致河水黑臭、鱼虾绝迹、河流生态系统遭到破坏，污染河流失去了资源功能和使用价值，严重破坏周围环境景观，造成重大经济损失，甚至危害周围居民的健康。

随着社会对黑臭河道治理的普遍关注，使得昔日的一条条黑臭河道，经过治理后，水变清了，河道两岸的绿色植物郁郁葱葱，成了附近居民散步休闲的好去处。

　　黑臭河道治理的难点：

　　污染源不好控制，水体中氮磷营养盐严重超标，水体生态系统被彻底破坏，水体自净能力完全丧失，而且黑臭河道一大特点是污水汇入多，水体流动性差，河道底部硬化等等。黑臭河道治理的重点金鸣环保认为是，构建水体生态系统，恢复水体自净能力，以生物治理，生态养护技术治理黑臭河道，安全可行，但是比较重要的还是要控制污染源进入，尤其是生活污水直排问题。

　　目前我国大部分城市河道已演变为黑臭河道，在我国许多城市，河道有机污染普遍存在且日益突出，城市污水直排河道，流经城镇河段污染严重，水体出现季节性或终年黑臭，均成为我国目前城市河道污染问题中亟待解决的水环境问题。黑臭水体是有机物污染的一种极端表现，是由于水体缺氧，有机物腐败而造成的，当大量的有机污染物进入水体，在好氧微生物的作用下，消耗了水体中大量的氧气，使水体转化成缺氧状态，致使厌氧细菌大量繁殖，有机物腐败、分解、发酵使水体变黑、变臭。

　　针对黑臭河道治理难点和发生原因，目前比较常用的技术手段是生物治理、生态养护技术。通过控源截污、内源治理、生态修复、活水保质等方面综合进行治理，将物理方法、生物技术、生态手段打组合拳的方式进行治理，从而重新构建水体生态系统平衡，恢复水体自净能力，保证水环境正常的进行生命活动。

治理黑臭水体要避免陷入重治理、轻保持，重晚期、轻长效的误区，重视长效治理模式，针对不同河道特点，将现有技术集成整合，才能达到较好的治理效果。浙江金鸣环保科技股份有限公司从根本上治理，讲究长效性，在河道治理上走“内源治理、水质净化、生态修复”的综合技术路线，并遵循“适用性、综合性、经济性、长效性和安全性”等原则科学治理黑臭河道，构建健康、完整、稳定的河道生态系统。

Urban river management is a basic measure to protect urban water resources and improve ecological environment. Bioremediation technology has developed rapidly in recent years due to its advantages of economy, environmental protection, high efficiency and durability. The phenomenon of black odor in water is caused by the anaerobic decomposition of organic matter in water body. From the aspect of water quality, black odor is caused by the high content of COD, BOD and other aerobic pollutants in water body, which leads to serious hypoxia of water body. Blackening is mainly adsorbed black metal sulfide suspended particles; The odor is caused by hydrogen sulfide, mercaptan, ammonia, amine and other gaseous pollutants produced by anaerobic microorganisms during the transformation of organic pollutants in water. The decrease of dissolved oxygen concentration in the polluted water will lead to the black and smelly river water, the disappearance of fish and shrimp, the destruction of river ecosystem, the loss of resource function and use value of the polluted river, serious damage to the surrounding environment and landscape, causing significant economic losses, and even endangering the health of the surrounding residents.

With the widespread attention of the society on the treatment of black and smelly river courses, the water in the former black and smelly river courses became clear after treatment, and the green plants along the river Banks became a good place for residents to go for a walk and leisure.

Difficulties in black and smelly river management:

The pollution sources are not easy to control, nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients in the water are seriously beyond the limit, the water ecosystem is completely destroyed, and the water's self-purification ability is completely lost. What's more, one of the characteristics of the black and smelly river is that there is a lot of sewage flowing in, the water body has poor mobility, and the river bottom is hardened, etc. Jinming believes that it is safe and feasible to build water ecosystem, restore water self-purification ability, and treat black and smelly river with biological treatment and ecological conservation technology. However, the most important thing is to control pollution sources entering into the river, especially the direct discharge of domestic sewage.

At present our country most of the city has evolved into the black smelly river, river in many cities in China, the channel of organic pollution is widespread and increasingly prominent, urban sewage straight row of river, flows through the town of river pollution is serious, a seasonal or year-round water black smelly, have become China's current urban runoff pollution in water environment problems demanding prompt solution. Black smelly water body is an extreme manifestation of organic matter pollution, is due to the water of oxygen, organic matter caused by corruption, when large amounts of organic pollutants into the water, under the effect of aerobic microorganisms, consumes a large amount of oxygen in water, make water into oxygen and the anaerobic bacteria multiply, corruption, organic matter decomposition, fermented black and stink of water.

In view of the difficulties and causes of black and smelly river management, biological management and ecological conservation are the most commonly used technologies at present. Through comprehensive treatment in aspects such as source control and pollution control, endogenous treatment, ecological restoration and quality preservation of living water, physical methods, biotechnology and ecological means are combined for treatment, so as to rebuild the balance of water ecosystem, restore the self-purification ability of water body and ensure the normal life activities of water environment.

In order to control the black and smelly water body, we should avoid falling into the mistake of paying more attention to the treatment and maintenance, and paying more attention to the late stage and the long term. Zhejiang promisex environmental technology co., LTD., fundamentally governance, pay attention to long-term, walking on the river "internal governance, water purification and ecological restoration" comprehensive technical route, and adhere to the "applicability, economy, long-term sex and safety is integrated," principles of scientific governance black smelly river, building a healthy, complete and stable river ecosystem.